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June 2016 p62 q4
3089
When people visit a certain large shop, on average 34% of them do not buy anything, 53% spend less than $50 and 13% spend at least $50.
(i) 15 people visiting the shop are chosen at random. Calculate the probability that at least 14 of them buy something.
(ii) n people visiting the shop are chosen at random. The probability that none of them spends at least $50 is less than 0.04. Find the smallest possible value of n.
Solution
(i) The probability that a person buys something is 0.66 (since 34% do not buy anything). We model this situation with a binomial distribution: \(X \sim B(15, 0.66)\).
The probability that at least 14 people buy something is \(P(X \geq 14) = P(X = 14) + P(X = 15)\).