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June 2011 p61 q7
3080
(i) Find the probability of getting at least one 3 when 9 fair dice are thrown.
(ii) When n fair dice are thrown, the probability of getting at least one 3 is greater than 0.9. Find the smallest possible value of n.
Solution
(i) The probability of not getting a 3 on a single die is \(\frac{5}{6}\). Therefore, the probability of not getting a 3 on all 9 dice is \(\left( \frac{5}{6} \right)^9\). The probability of getting at least one 3 is:
(ii) The probability of getting at least one 3 when \(n\) dice are thrown is \(1 - \left( \frac{5}{6} \right)^n\). We need this probability to be greater than 0.9: