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Problem 269
269
In the diagram, OAB is an isosceles triangle with OA = OB and angle AOB = 2\theta radians. Arc PST has centre O and radius r, and the line ASB is a tangent to the arc PST at S.
(i) Find the total area of the shaded regions in terms of r and \(\theta\).
(ii) In the case where \(\theta = \frac{1}{3}\pi\) and \(r = 6\), find the total perimeter of the shaded regions, leaving your answer in terms of \(\sqrt{3}\) and \(\pi\).
Solution
(i) The length of AS is \(r \tan \theta\). The area of triangle OAB is \(r^2 \tan \theta\) or \(\frac{1}{2} r^2 \tan \theta\). The area of sector OPS is \(\frac{1}{2} r^2 \times 2\theta = r^2 \theta\). Therefore, the shaded area is \(r^2 (\tan \theta - \theta)\).
(ii) Given \(\theta = \frac{1}{3}\pi\) and \(r = 6\), we have \(\cos \frac{\pi}{3} = \frac{6}{OA} \Rightarrow OA = 12\). Thus, \(AP = 6\). The length of AS is \(6 \tan \frac{\pi}{3} \Rightarrow AB = 12\sqrt{3}\). The arc PST is \(12 \times \frac{\pi}{3}\). Therefore, the perimeter is \(12 + 12\sqrt{3} + 4\pi\).