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Nov 2009 p62 q2
2569
Two unbiased tetrahedral dice each have four faces numbered 1, 2, 3, and 4. The two dice are thrown together and the sum of the numbers on the faces on which they land is noted. Find the expected number of occasions on which this sum is 7 or more when the dice are thrown together 200 times.
Solution
Each die has 4 faces, so there are a total of 16 possible outcomes when two dice are thrown together.
To find the probability of the sum being 7 or more, we consider the following outcomes:
Sum of 7: Possible outcomes are (3,4) and (4,3), giving a probability of \(\frac{2}{16}\).
Sum of 8: The only possible outcome is (4,4), giving a probability of \(\frac{1}{16}\).
Thus, the probability of the sum being 7 or more is:
\(P(7 \text{ or more}) = \frac{2}{16} + \frac{1}{16} = \frac{3}{16}\)
The expected number of occasions when the sum is 7 or more in 200 throws is: