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June 2013 p63 q5
2557
Jack has a pack of 15 cards. 10 cards have a picture of a robot on them and 5 cards have a picture of an aeroplane on them. Emma has a pack of cards. 7 cards have a picture of a robot on them and x - 3 cards have a picture of an aeroplane on them. One card is taken at random from Jack’s pack and one card is taken at random from Emma’s pack. The probability that both cards have pictures of robots on them is \(\frac{7}{18}\). Write down an equation in terms of x and hence find the value of x.
Solution
The probability of picking a robot card from Jack's pack is \(\frac{10}{15} = \frac{2}{3}\).
Emma has 7 robot cards, so the total number of cards in Emma's pack is \(x + 4\) because \(x - 3\) cards are aeroplanes, making \(x - 3 + 7 = x + 4\) cards in total.
The probability of picking a robot card from Emma's pack is \(\frac{7}{x+4}\).
The probability that both cards have pictures of robots is \(\frac{2}{3} \times \frac{7}{x+4} = \frac{7}{18}\).
Setting up the equation: \(\frac{2}{3} \times \frac{7}{x+4} = \frac{7}{18}\).