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Problem 213
213
The diagram shows a semicircle with diameter \(AB\), centre \(O\) and radius \(r\). The point \(C\) lies on the circumference and angle \(AOC = \theta\) radians. The perimeter of sector \(BOC\) is twice the perimeter of sector \(AOC\). Find the value of \(\theta\) correct to 2 significant figures.
Solution
The perimeter of sector \(AOC\) is given by the arc length plus the radii, which is \(2r + r\theta\).
The angle \(COB\) is \(\pi - \theta\) because the total angle in a semicircle is \(\pi\) radians.
The perimeter of sector \(BOC\) is \(2r + r(\pi - \theta)\).
According to the problem, the perimeter of \(BOC\) is twice the perimeter of \(AOC\):
\(2r + r(\pi - \theta) = 2(2r + r\theta)\)
Simplifying, we have:
\(2r + r\pi - r\theta = 4r + 2r\theta\)
\(r\pi - r\theta = 2r\theta + 2r\)
\(r\pi = 3r\theta + 2r\)
\(\pi = 3\theta + 2\)
\(\theta = \frac{\pi - 2}{3}\)
Calculating \(\theta\) gives \(\theta \approx 0.38\) to 2 significant figures.