(a) Expand \(\left( 1 - \frac{1}{2x} \right)^2\).
(b) Find the first four terms in the expansion, in ascending powers of \(x\), of \((1 + 2x)^6\).
(c) Hence find the coefficient of \(x\) in the expansion of \(\left( 1 - \frac{1}{2x} \right)^2 (1 + 2x)^6\).
Solution
(a) Use the binomial expansion for \(\left( 1 - \frac{1}{2x} \right)^2\):
\(= 1 - 2 \times \frac{1}{2x} + \left( \frac{1}{2x} \right)^2\)
\(= 1 - \frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{4x^2}\).
(b) Use the binomial expansion for \((1 + 2x)^6\):
First four terms are:
\(1 + \binom{6}{1} (2x) + \binom{6}{2} (2x)^2 + \binom{6}{3} (2x)^3\)
\(= 1 + 12x + 60x^2 + 160x^3\).
(c) Multiply the expansions from (a) and (b) and find the coefficient of \(x\):
\((1 - \frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{4x^2})(1 + 12x + 60x^2 + 160x^3)\)
Coefficient of \(x\) is:
\(1 \times 12 + (-1) \times 60 + \frac{1}{4} \times 160\)
\(= 12 - 60 + 40 = -8\).
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