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June 2013 p12 q10
918
The third term of a geometric progression is four times the first term. The sum of the first six terms is k times the first term. Find the possible values of k.
Solution
Let the first term be a and the common ratio be r. The third term is given by:
\(ar^2 = 4a\)
Solving for r, we get:
\(r^2 = 4\)
Thus, \(r = \pm 2\).
The sum of the first six terms of a geometric progression is given by:
\(S_6 = a \frac{r^6 - 1}{r - 1}\)
We know \(S_6 = ka\), so:
\(a \frac{r^6 - 1}{r - 1} = ka\)
Canceling a from both sides, we have:
\(\frac{r^6 - 1}{r - 1} = k\)
Substituting \(r = 2\):
\(\frac{2^6 - 1}{2 - 1} = k\)
\(\frac{64 - 1}{1} = k\)
\(k = 63\)
Substituting \(r = -2\):
\(\frac{(-2)^6 - 1}{-2 - 1} = k\)
\(\frac{64 - 1}{-3} = k\)
\(k = -21\)
Therefore, the possible values of k are 63 and -21.