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June 2019 p12 q10
891
The sum to infinity of a geometric progression is 9 times the sum of the first four terms. Given that the first term is 12, find the value of the fifth term.
Solution
Let the first term be \(a = 12\) and the common ratio be \(r\).
The sum to infinity \(S_\infty\) is given by \(\frac{a}{1-r}\).
The sum of the first four terms \(S_4\) is \(\frac{a(1-r^4)}{1-r}\).
According to the problem, \(S_\infty = 9 \times S_4\).
Substitute the formulas: \(\frac{a}{1-r} = 9 \times \frac{a(1-r^4)}{1-r}\).
Cancel \(a\) and \(1-r\) from both sides: \(1 = 9(1-r^4)\).
Simplify: \(9r^4 = 8\).
Thus, \(r^4 = \frac{8}{9}\).
The fifth term is \(ar^4 = 12 \times \frac{8}{9}\).