0606 P21 - Nov 2021 - Q2 - 5 marks
8043
Solve the simultaneous equations
\(xy+x^2=15,\qquad y+3x=11.\)
Solution
Answer: \((x,y)=\left(\frac52,\frac72\right)\) or \((3,2)\).
The key point is to reduce the equation to a standard trigonometric equation, then use the given interval to list all valid solutions.
From
\(y+3x=11,\)
we have
\(y=11-3x.\)
Substitute this into \(xy+x^2=15\):
\(x(11-3x)+x^2=15.\)
Hence
\(11x-2x^2=15,\)
so
\(2x^2-11x+15=0.\)
Factorise:
\((2x-5)(x-3)=0.\)
Therefore
\(x=\frac52\quad\text{or}\quad x=3.\)
If \(x=\frac52\), then
\(y=11-3\left(\frac52\right)=\frac72.\)
If \(x=3\), then
\(y=11-9=2.\)
So the solutions are
\((x,y)=\left(\frac52,\frac72\right)\quad\text{or}\quad (3,2).\)