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June 2019 p13 q4
786
The function f is defined by \(f(x) = \frac{48}{x-1}\) for \(3 \leq x \leq 7\). The function g is defined by \(g(x) = 2x - 4\) for \(a \leq x \leq b\), where \(a\) and \(b\) are constants.
(i) Find the greatest value of \(a\) and the least value of \(b\) which will permit the formation of the composite function gf.
It is now given that the conditions for the formation of gf are satisfied.
(ii) Find an expression for \(gf(x)\).
(iii) Find an expression for \((gf)^{-1}(x)\).
Solution
(i) To form the composite function \(gf\), the range of \(g(x)\) must be within the domain of \(f(x)\). The range of \(g(x) = 2x - 4\) for \(a \leq x \leq b\) is \(2a - 4 \leq g(x) \leq 2b - 4\). For \(f(x)\), the domain is \(3 \leq x \leq 7\), so \(3 \leq 2a - 4 \leq 7\) and \(3 \leq 2b - 4 \leq 7\). Solving these inequalities gives \(a \leq 8\) and \(b \geq 24\).
(ii) To find \(gf(x)\), substitute \(g(x) = 2x - 4\) into \(f(x)\):