0606 P11 - Nov 2022 - Q4 - 6 marks
7850
Do not use a calculator in this question.
Solve the equation
\((\sqrt5-1)x^2-2x-(\sqrt5+1)=0,\)
giving your answers in the form \(a+b\sqrt5\), where \(a\) and \(b\) are constants.
Solution
Answer: \(\displaystyle x=\frac32+\frac12\sqrt5\) or \(x=-1\).
Answer: \(\displaystyle x=\frac32+\frac12\sqrt5\) or \(x=-1\).
For
\((\sqrt5-1)x^2-2x-(\sqrt5+1)=0,\)
use the quadratic formula with
\(a=\sqrt5-1,\qquad b=-2,\qquad c=-(\sqrt5+1).\)
Then
\(x=\frac{2\pm\sqrt{(-2)^2-4(\sqrt5-1)(-(\sqrt5+1))}}{2(\sqrt5-1)}.\)
The discriminant is
\(4+4(\sqrt5-1)(\sqrt5+1)=4+4(5-1)=20.\)
So
\(x=\frac{2\pm2\sqrt5}{2(\sqrt5-1)} =\frac{1\pm\sqrt5}{\sqrt5-1}.\)
For the positive sign,
\(x=\frac{1+\sqrt5}{\sqrt5-1}.\)
Rationalising,
\(x=\frac{(1+\sqrt5)(\sqrt5+1)}{(\sqrt5-1)(\sqrt5+1)} =\frac{6+2\sqrt5}{4} =\frac32+\frac12\sqrt5.\)
For the negative sign,
\(x=\frac{1-\sqrt5}{\sqrt5-1}=-1.\)