0606 P21 - Nov 2023 - Q6 - 6 marks
7379
Find the value of the constant \(a\) for which the line
\(y=(2a+1)x-10\)
is a tangent to the curve
\(y=ax^2-5x+2.\)
Solution
Answer: \(a=3\).
We start with the main method. Substitute the line into the curve; a tangent corresponds to a repeated root, so the discriminant is zero.
At the point of contact, the line and curve have equal \(y\)-values:
\(ax^2-5x+2=(2a+1)x-10.\)
Bring all terms to one side:
\(ax^2-(2a+6)x+12=0.\)
For the line to be a tangent, this quadratic in \(x\) must have one repeated root.
So its discriminant is zero:
\(\big(-(2a+6)\big)^2-4(a)(12)=0.\)
Hence
\((2a+6)^2-48a=0.\)
Expanding gives
\(4a^2+24a+36-48a=0.\)
So
\(4a^2-24a+36=0.\)
Divide by \(4\):
\(a^2-6a+9=0.\)
Therefore
\((a-3)^2=0,\)
so
\(a=3.\)
This completes the solution and gives the required result.