0606 P12 - Mar 2025 - Q9 - 5 marks
7191
Solve the equation \(\log_2(x+1)-4\log_{(x+1)}2=3\).
Solution
Answer: \(x=15\) or \(x=-\frac12\).
Apply the laws of logarithms carefully, paying attention to the base of each logarithm and any restrictions on the argument.
Let
\(u=\log_2(x+1).\)
Then
\(\log_{(x+1)}2=\frac{1}{\log_2(x+1)}=\frac1u.\)
The equation becomes
\(u-\frac{4}{u}=3.\)
Multiply by \(u\):
\(u^2-4=3u.\)
So
\(u^2-3u-4=0.\)
Factorise:
\((u-4)(u+1)=0.\)
Hence \(u=4\) or \(u=-1\).
If \(\log_2(x+1)=4\), then \(x+1=16\), so \(x=15\).
If \(\log_2(x+1)=-1\), then \(x+1=\frac12\), so \(x=-\frac12\).
This gives the required answer: \(x=15\) or \(x=-\frac12\).