The functions \(f\) and \(g\) are defined as follows, where \(a\) and \(b\) are constants.
\(f(x) = 1 + \frac{2a}{x-a}\) for \(x > a\)
\(g(x) = bx - 2\) for \(x \in \mathbb{R}\)
(a) Given that \(f(7) = \frac{5}{2}\) and \(gf(5) = 4\), find the values of \(a\) and \(b\).
For the rest of this question, you should use the value of \(a\) which you found in (a).
(b) Find the domain of \(f^{-1}\).
(c) Find an expression for \(f^{-1}(x)\).
Solution
(a) To find \(a\), use \(f(7) = \frac{5}{2}\):
\(1 + \frac{2a}{7-a} = \frac{5}{2}\)
\(\frac{2a}{7-a} = \frac{3}{2}\)
\(4a = 3(7-a)\)
\(4a = 21 - 3a\)
\(7a = 21\)
\(a = 3\)
To find \(b\), use \(gf(5) = 4\):
\(f(5) = 1 + \frac{6}{5-3} = 4\)
\(g(4) = b(4) - 2 = 4\)
\(4b - 2 = 4\)
\(4b = 6\)
\(b = \frac{3}{2}\)
(b) The domain of \(f^{-1}\) is \(x > 1\) because \(f(x) = 1 + \frac{6}{x-3}\) implies \(x > 3\), and \(f(x) > 1\).
(c) To find \(f^{-1}(x)\):
Start with \(y = 1 + \frac{6}{x-3}\)
\(y - 1 = \frac{6}{x-3}\)
\((y-1)(x-3) = 6\)
\(yx - 3y = x - 3\)
\(yx - x = 3y - 3\)
\(x(y-1) = 3(y-1)\)
\(x = 3 + \frac{6}{y-1}\)
Thus, \(f^{-1}(x) = 3 + \frac{6}{x-1}\).
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