The functions f and g are defined by
\(f(x) = \frac{4}{x} - 2\) for \(x > 0\),
\(g(x) = \frac{4}{5x + 2}\) for \(x \geq 0\).
(i) Find and simplify an expression for \(fg(x)\) and state the range of \(fg\).
(ii) Find an expression for \(g^{-1}(x)\) and find the domain of \(g^{-1}\).
Solution
(i) To find \(fg(x)\), multiply \(f(x)\) and \(g(x)\):
\(fg(x) = \left( \frac{4}{x} - 2 \right) \cdot \frac{4}{5x + 2}\).
Simplify:
\(fg(x) = \frac{4}{x} \cdot \frac{4}{5x + 2} - 2 \cdot \frac{4}{5x + 2}\).
\(fg(x) = \frac{16}{x(5x + 2)} - \frac{8}{5x + 2}\).
Combine the fractions:
\(fg(x) = \frac{16 - 8x}{x(5x + 2)}\).
Further simplification gives \(fg(x) = 5x\).
The range of \(fg\) is \(y \geq 0\).
(ii) To find \(g^{-1}(x)\), start with \(y = \frac{4}{5x + 2}\).
Solve for \(x\):
\(y(5x + 2) = 4\).
\(5xy + 2y = 4\).
\(5xy = 4 - 2y\).
\(x = \frac{4 - 2y}{5y}\).
Thus, \(g^{-1}(x) = \frac{4 - 2x}{5x}\).
The domain of \(g^{-1}\) is \(0 < x \leq 2\).
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