Feb/Mar 2020 p12 q9
680
(a) Express \(2x^2 + 12x + 11\) in the form \(2(x + a)^2 + b\), where \(a\) and \(b\) are constants.
The function \(f\) is defined by \(f(x) = 2x^2 + 12x + 11\) for \(x \leq -4\).
(b) Find an expression for \(f^{-1}(x)\) and state the domain of \(f^{-1}\).
The function \(g\) is defined by \(g(x) = 2x - 3\) for \(x \leq k\).
(c) For the case where \(k = -1\), solve the equation \(fg(x) = 193\).
(d) State the largest value of \(k\) possible for the composition \(fg\) to be defined.
Solution
(a) To express \(2x^2 + 12x + 11\) in the form \(2(x + a)^2 + b\), complete the square:
\(2(x^2 + 6x) + 11 = 2((x + 3)^2 - 9) + 11 = 2(x + 3)^2 - 18 + 11 = 2(x + 3)^2 - 7\).
Thus, \(a = 3\) and \(b = -7\).
(b) Start with \(y = 2(x + 3)^2 - 7\). Solve for \(x\):
\(y + 7 = 2(x + 3)^2\)
\(x + 3 = \pm \sqrt{\frac{y + 7}{2}}\)
\(x = -3 \pm \sqrt{\frac{y + 7}{2}}\)
Since \(x \leq -4\), choose the negative root:
\(f^{-1}(x) = -\sqrt{\frac{x + 7}{2}} - 3\)
The domain of \(f^{-1}\) is \(x > -5\) or \([-5, \infty)\).
(c) Given \(k = -1\), solve \(fg(x) = 193\):
\(fg(x) = 2((2x - 3) + 3)^2 - 7 = 8x^2 - 7\)
\(8x^2 - 7 = 193\)
\(8x^2 = 200\)
\(x^2 = 25\)
\(x = -5\) only (since \(x \leq -4\)).
(d) The largest value of \(k\) for \(fg\) to be defined is \(\frac{1}{2}\).
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