Functions f and g are defined for \(x \in \mathbb{R}\) by
\(f : x \mapsto \frac{1}{2}x - a\),
\(g : x \mapsto 3x + b\),
where \(a\) and \(b\) are constants.
(a) Given that \(gg(2) = 10\) and \(f^{-1}(2) = 14\), find the values of \(a\) and \(b\).
(b) Using these values of \(a\) and \(b\), find an expression for \(gf(x)\) in the form \(cx + d\), where \(c\) and \(d\) are constants.
Solution
(a) To find \(b\), use \(gg(2) = 10\):
\(g(x) = 3x + b\), so \(g(2) = 3(2) + b = 6 + b\).
Then \(gg(2) = g(g(2)) = g(6 + b) = 3(6 + b) + b = 18 + 3b + b = 18 + 4b\).
Set \(18 + 4b = 10\), solving gives \(b = -2\).
To find \(a\), use \(f^{-1}(2) = 14\):
\(f(x) = \frac{1}{2}x - a\), so \(f^{-1}(x) = 2(x + a)\).
Set \(2(x + a) = 14\), solving gives \(a = 5\).
(b) Find \(gf(x)\):
\(gf(x) = g(f(x)) = g\left(\frac{1}{2}x - 5\right)\).
\(g(x) = 3x + b\), so \(g\left(\frac{1}{2}x - 5\right) = 3\left(\frac{1}{2}x - 5\right) - 2\).
\(= \frac{3}{2}x - 15 - 2 = \frac{3}{2}x - 17\).
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