Feb/Mar 2022 p12 q9
668
Functions f, g and h are defined as follows:
\(f : x ↦ x - 4x^{\frac{1}{2}} + 1 \text{ for } x \geq 0,\)
g : x ↦ mx^2 + n \text{ for } x \geq -2, \text{ where } m \text{ and } n \text{ are constants,}
\(h : x ↦ x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 2 \text{ for } x \geq 0.\)
\((a) Solve the equation f(x) = 0, giving your solutions in the form x = a + b\sqrt{c}, where a, b and c are integers. [4]\)
(b) Given that f(x) \equiv gh(x), find the values of m and n. [4]
Solution
\((a) To solve the equation f(x) = 0, we have:\)
\(x - 4x^{\frac{1}{2}} + 1 = 0\)
\(Let y = x^{\frac{1}{2}}, then x = y^2. Substitute to get:\)
\(y^2 - 4y + 1 = 0\)
\(Using the quadratic formula, y = \frac{4 \pm \sqrt{16 - 4}}{2} = 2 \pm \sqrt{3}\)
\(Thus, x = (2 \pm \sqrt{3})^2 = 7 \pm 4\sqrt{3}\)
(b) Given f(x) \equiv gh(x), we have:
\(gh(x) = m\left(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 2\right)^2 + n\)
Expanding, we get:
\(gh(x) = m(x - 4x^{\frac{1}{2}} + 4) + n\)
\(Since f(x) = x - 4x^{\frac{1}{2}} + 1, equate the expressions:\)
\(m(x - 4x^{\frac{1}{2}} + 4) + n = x - 4x^{\frac{1}{2}} + 1\)
\(Comparing coefficients, m = 1 and n = -3.\)
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