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Mar 2022 p12 q6
625
The circle with equation \((x+1)^2 + (y-2)^2 = 85\) and the straight line with equation \(y = 3x - 20\) are shown in the diagram. The line intersects the circle at \(A\) and \(B\), and the centre of the circle is at \(C\).
(a) Find, by calculation, the coordinates of \(A\) and \(B\).
(b) Find an equation of the circle which has its centre at \(C\) and for which the line with equation \(y = 3x - 20\) is a tangent to the circle.
Solution
(a) Substitute the line equation \(y = 3x - 20\) into the circle equation \((x+1)^2 + (y-2)^2 = 85\).
\((x+1)^2 + (3x-22)^2 = 85\)
Expand and simplify: \(10x^2 - 130x + 400 = 0\)
Factorize: \((x-8)(x-5) = 0\)
Solutions: \(x = 8\) or \(x = 5\)
For \(x = 8\), \(y = 3(8) - 20 = 4\), so \((8, 4)\)
For \(x = 5\), \(y = 3(5) - 20 = -5\), so \((5, -5)\)
(b) Mid-point of \(AB\) is \(\left(\frac{6.5}{2}, -\frac{1}{2}\right)\)