(a) Substitute the equation of the tangent \(y = mx + 10\) into the circle's equation \(x^2 + y^2 = 20\):
\(x^2 + (mx + 10)^2 = 20\)
\(x^2 + (mx)^2 + 20mx + 100 = 20\)
\((1 + m^2)x^2 + 20mx + 80 = 0\)
Use the discriminant \(b^2 - 4ac = 0\) for tangency:
\((20m)^2 - 4(1 + m^2)80 = 0\)
\(400m^2 - 320 - 80m^2 = 0\)
\(320m^2 = 320\)
\(m^2 = 4\)
\(m = \pm 2\)
(b) For \(m = 2\), the tangent is \(y = 2x + 10\). Substitute into the circle's equation:
\(x^2 + (2x + 10)^2 = 20\)
\(x^2 + 4x^2 + 40x + 100 = 20\)
\(5x^2 + 40x + 80 = 0\)
\(x = -4\) or \(x = 4\)
For \(x = -4\), \(y = 2(-4) + 10 = 2\)
For \(x = 4\), \(y = 2(4) + 10 = 2\)
Coordinates are \((-4, 2)\) and \((4, 2)\).
(c) Use the cosine rule in triangle \(BCD\):
\(BC = 8, BD = \sqrt{(\sqrt{20} + 4)^2 + 2^2}, CD = \sqrt{(\sqrt{20} - 4)^2 + 2^2}\)
\(64 = 80 - 16\sqrt{5} \cos BDC\)
\(\cos BDC = \frac{5}{5}\)
\(\angle BDC = 63.4^\circ\)