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June 2018 p11 q5
610
The diagram shows a kite OABC in which AC is the line of symmetry. The coordinates of A and C are (0, 4) and (8, 0) respectively and O is the origin.
(i) Find the equations of AC and OB.
(ii) Find, by calculation, the coordinates of B.
Solution
(i) To find the equation of AC, use the points A(0, 4) and C(8, 0). The gradient \(m\) is given by \(m = \frac{0 - 4}{8 - 0} = -\frac{1}{2}\). The equation of the line is \(y = mx + c\). Substituting the point A(0, 4), we get \(4 = -\frac{1}{2}(0) + c\), so \(c = 4\). Therefore, the equation of AC is \(y = -\frac{1}{2}x + 4\).
For OB, since AC is the line of symmetry, OB is perpendicular to AC. The gradient of OB is the negative reciprocal of \(-\frac{1}{2}\), which is 2. Therefore, the equation of OB is \(y = 2x\).
(ii) To find the coordinates of B, use the midpoint formula for OB. Since O is the origin (0, 0), the midpoint of OB is \(\left( \frac{0 + x}{2}, \frac{0 + y}{2} \right)\). Given that the midpoint is on AC, substitute into the equation \(y = -\frac{1}{2}x + 4\). Solving the simultaneous equations \(y = 2x\) and \(y = -\frac{1}{2}x + 4\), we find \(x = 3.2\) and \(y = 6.4\). Therefore, the coordinates of B are (3.2, 6.4).