Find the exact value of
\[
\int_{\frac14\pi}^{\frac13\pi} 3\sin x\sin2x\,dx.
\]
Give your answer in the form \(p\sqrt3+q\sqrt2\), where \(p\) and \(q\) are rational.
Solution
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Use
\[
\sin2x=2\sin x\cos x.
\]
Then
\[
3\sin x\sin2x=3\sin x(2\sin x\cos x)=6\sin^2x\cos x.
\]
So
\[
\int 3\sin x\sin2x\,dx=\int 6\sin^2x\cos x\,dx.
\]
Let \(u=\sin x\), so \(du=\cos x\,dx\).
Then
\[
\int 6\sin^2x\cos x\,dx=\int 6u^2\,du=2u^3=2\sin^3x.
\]
Therefore
\[
\int_{\frac14\pi}^{\frac13\pi} 3\sin x\sin2x\,dx
=\left[2\sin^3x\right]_{\frac14\pi}^{\frac13\pi}.
\]
\[
=2\left(\frac{\sqrt3}{2}\right)^3-2\left(\frac{\sqrt2}{2}\right)^3.
\]
\[
=\frac{3\sqrt3}{4}-\frac{\sqrt2}{2}.
\]
Answer: \(\frac34\sqrt3-\frac12\sqrt2\).
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