FM June 2024 p13 q01
4171
The matrix A is given by
\(A = \begin{pmatrix} k & 1 & 0 \\ 6 & 5 & 2 \\ -1 & 3 & -k \end{pmatrix}\),
where \(k\) is a real constant.
(a) Show that A is non-singular.
(b) Given that \(A^{-1} = \begin{pmatrix} 3 & 0 & -1 \\ 1 & 0 & 0 \\ -\frac{23}{2} & \frac{1}{2} & 3 \end{pmatrix}\), find the value of \(k\).
Solution
(a) To show that A is non-singular, we need to show that its determinant is non-zero for all real \(k\).
The determinant of \(A\) is calculated as follows:
\(\det(A) = k \begin{vmatrix} 5 & 2 \\ 3 & -k \end{vmatrix} - 1 \begin{vmatrix} 6 & 2 \\ -1 & -k \end{vmatrix} + 0 \begin{vmatrix} 6 & 5 \\ -1 & 3 \end{vmatrix}\)
\(= k(5(-k) - 6) - (6(-k) + 2)\)
\(= k(-5k - 6) - (-6k + 2)\)
\(= -5k^2 - 6k + 6k - 2\)
\(= -5k^2 - 2\)
Since \(-5k^2 - 2\) is always negative for all real \(k\), the determinant is never zero. Therefore, A is non-singular.
(b) Given \(A^{-1} = \begin{pmatrix} 3 & 0 & -1 \\ 1 & 0 & 0 \\ -\frac{23}{2} & \frac{1}{2} & 3 \end{pmatrix}\), we use the property \(AA^{-1} = I\).
From the first row of \(A\) and the first column of \(A^{-1}\), we have:
\(k \cdot 3 + 1 \cdot 1 + 0 \cdot -\frac{23}{2} = 1\)
\(3k + 1 = 1\)
\(3k = 0\)
\(k = 0\)
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