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June 2007 p4 q4
3957
Particles P and Q, of masses 0.6 kg and 0.2 kg respectively, are attached to the ends of a light inextensible string which passes over a smooth fixed peg. The particles are held at rest with the string taut. Both particles are at a height of 0.9 m above the ground (see diagram). The system is released and each of the particles moves vertically. Find
the acceleration of P and the tension in the string before P reaches the ground,
the time taken for P to reach the ground.
Solution
(i) Apply Newton's second law to particle P:
\(0.6g - T = 0.6a\)
Apply Newton's second law to particle Q:
\(T - 0.2g = 0.2a\)
Add the two equations:
\(0.6g - T + T - 0.2g = 0.6a + 0.2a\)
\(0.4g = 0.8a\)
Solve for acceleration \(a\):
\(a = \frac{0.4g}{0.8} = 5 \text{ m/s}^2\)
Substitute \(a = 5\) into the equation for P:
\(0.6g - T = 0.6 \times 5\)
\(T = 0.6g - 3\)
\(T = 3 \text{ N}\)
(ii) Use the equation of motion \(s = ut + \frac{1}{2}at^2\) with \(s = 0.9\), \(u = 0\), \(a = 5\):