A particle P is projected vertically upwards, from a point O, with a velocity of 8 m s-1. The point A is the highest point reached by P. Find
- the speed of P when it is at the mid-point of OA,
- the time taken for P to reach the mid-point of OA while moving upwards.
Solution
To solve this problem, we use the equations of motion under constant acceleration due to gravity, where the acceleration is
\(g = 9.8 \text{ m/s}^2\).
(i) Speed at the mid-point of OA:
The maximum height A is found using the equation:
\(0 = u^2 - 2gs\), where \(u = 8 \text{ m/s}\) and \(v = 0 \text{ m/s}\) at the highest point.
\(0 = 8^2 - 2g \cdot s\)
\(s = \frac{64}{2 \times 9.8} = 3.2 \text{ m}\)
The mid-point of OA is at \(s = 1.6 \text{ m}\).
Using \(v^2 = u^2 - 2gs\) to find the speed at the mid-point:
\(v^2 = 8^2 - 2 \times 9.8 \times 1.6\)
\(v^2 = 64 - 31.36\)
\(v = \sqrt{32.64} \approx 5.66 \text{ m/s}\)
(ii) Time to reach the mid-point of OA:
Using \(v = u - gt\), where \(v = 5.66 \text{ m/s}\) at the mid-point:
\(5.66 = 8 - 9.8t\)
\(9.8t = 8 - 5.66\)
\(t = \frac{2.34}{9.8} \approx 0.234 \text{ s}\)
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