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June 2007 p4 q3
3485
A car travels along a horizontal straight road with increasing speed until it reaches its maximum speed of 30 m s-1. The resistance to motion is constant and equal to RN, and the power provided by the car's engine is 18 kW.
Find the value of R.
Given that the car has mass 1200 kg, find its acceleration at the instant when its speed is 20 m s-1.
Solution
(i) The power provided by the engine is 18 kW, which is 18000 W. At maximum speed, the power is used to overcome the resistance force R. The formula for power is given by:
\(P = F \cdot v\)
where \(P = 18000\) W and \(v = 30\) m/s. Solving for \(F\):
\(18000 = R \cdot 30\)
\(R = \frac{18000}{30} = 600\) N
(ii) Using Newton's second law, the net force \(F\) is given by:
\(F = ma\)
At 20 m/s, the power is still 18000 W, so the driving force \(DF\) is:
\(DF = \frac{18000}{20} = 900\) N
The net force is the driving force minus the resistance: