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Feb/Mar 2018 p42 q6
3431
A car of mass 1200 kg has a greatest possible constant speed of 60 m s-1 along a straight level road. When the car is travelling at a speed of v m s-1 there is a resistive force of magnitude 35v N.
Find the greatest possible power of the car. [2]
The car travels along a straight level road. Show that, at an instant when its speed is 30 m s-1, the greatest possible acceleration of the car is 2.625 m s-2. [3]
The car travels at a constant speed up a hill inclined at an angle of sin-1(7/48) to the horizontal. Find the greatest possible speed of the car. [5]
Solution
(i) The driving force when the car is at its greatest speed is given by the resistive force: \(35 \times 60\). The power is then \(35 \times 60^2 = 126000 \text{ W}\).
(ii) The driving force \(\text{DF}\) is \(\frac{126000}{30}\). Using Newton's second law: \(\text{DF} - 35 \times 30 = 1200a\). Solving for \(a\), we have \(a = \frac{3150}{1200} = \frac{21}{8} = 2.625 \text{ m s}^{-2}\).
(iii) The driving force \(\text{DF} = \frac{126000}{v}\). The equation for forces is \(\frac{126000}{v} = 35v + 1200g \times \frac{7}{48}\). Simplifying gives \(35v^2 + 1750v - 126000 = 0\) or \(v^2 + 50v - 3600 = 0\). Solving this quadratic equation gives \(v = 40 \text{ m s}^{-1}\).