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Nov 2011 p12 q4
342
The equation of a curve is \(y^2 + 2x = 13\) and the equation of a line is \(2y + x = k\), where \(k\) is a constant. Find the value of \(k\) for which the line is a tangent to the curve.
Solution
To find the value of \(k\) for which the line is tangent to the curve, we first eliminate \(x\) from the equations. Substitute \(x = k - 2y\) from the line equation into the curve equation:
\(y^2 + 2(k - 2y) = 13\)
Simplify to get:
\(y^2 - 4y + 2k = 13\)
\(y^2 - 4y + 2k - 13 = 0\)
This is a quadratic equation in \(y\). For the line to be tangent to the curve, the discriminant of this quadratic must be zero:
\(b^2 - 4ac = 0\)
Here, \(a = 1\), \(b = -4\), and \(c = 2k - 13\). So,
\((-4)^2 - 4(1)(2k - 13) = 0\)
\(16 - 8k + 52 = 0\)
\(68 = 8k\)
\(k = \frac{68}{8} = 8 \frac{1}{2}\)
Thus, the value of \(k\) for which the line is tangent to the curve is \(8 \frac{1}{2}\).