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Feb/Mar 2020 p42 q1
3417
A lorry of mass 16000 kg is travelling along a straight horizontal road. The engine of the lorry is working at constant power. The work done by the driving force in 10 s is 750000 J.
(a) Find the power of the lorry’s engine.
(b) There is a constant resistance force acting on the lorry of magnitude 2400 N.
Find the acceleration of the lorry at an instant when its speed is 25 m s-1.
Solution
(a) The power of the lorry's engine can be calculated using the formula:
\(P = \frac{\text{Work Done}}{\text{Time}}\)
Given that the work done is 750000 J and the time is 10 s, we have:
\(P = \frac{750000}{10} = 75000 \text{ W}\)
Therefore, the power is 75 kW.
(b) To find the acceleration, we first find the driving force (DF) using the power formula:
\(P = \text{DF} \times v\)
\(75000 = \text{DF} \times 25\)
\(\text{DF} = \frac{75000}{25} = 3000 \text{ N}\)
Using Newton's second law, \(F = ma\), where the net force \(F\) is the driving force minus the resistance force:
\(3000 - 2400 = 16000a\)
\(600 = 16000a\)
\(a = \frac{600}{16000} = 0.0375 \text{ m s}^{-2}\)