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June 2023 p42 q2
3401
Two particles A and B, of masses 3.2 kg and 2.4 kg respectively, lie on a smooth horizontal table. A moves towards B with a speed of v m/s and collides with B, which is moving towards A with a speed of 6 m/s. In the collision the two particles come to rest.
(a) Find the value of v.
(b) Find the loss of kinetic energy of the system due to the collision.
Solution
(a) By the conservation of momentum, the total momentum before the collision is equal to the total momentum after the collision. Since the particles come to rest after the collision, the total momentum after the collision is 0.
Initial momentum: \(3.2v + 2.4(-6) = 0\)
Solving for \(v\):
\(3.2v - 14.4 = 0\)
\(3.2v = 14.4\)
\(v = \frac{14.4}{3.2} = 4.5\)
(b) The initial kinetic energy of the system is the sum of the kinetic energies of both particles: