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Nov 2011 p63 q1
3260
The random variable X is normally distributed and is such that the mean μ is three times the standard deviation σ. It is given that P(X < 25) = 0.648.
Find the values of μ and σ.
Find the probability that, from 6 random values of X, exactly 4 are greater than 25.
Solution
(i) Given that the mean μ is three times the standard deviation σ, we have μ = 3σ. The probability P(X < 25) = 0.648 corresponds to a standard normal variable z = 0.38. Using the standardization formula:
\(z = \frac{25 - \mu}{\sigma} = 0.38\)
Substitute \(\mu = 3\sigma\) into the equation:
\(\frac{25 - 3\sigma}{\sigma} = 0.38\)
Solving for \(\sigma\):
\(25 - 3\sigma = 0.38\sigma\)
\(25 = 3.38\sigma\)
\(\sigma = \frac{25}{3.38} \approx 7.40\)
Then, \(\mu = 3\sigma = 3 \times 7.40 = 22.2\).
(ii) The probability that a single value of X is greater than 25 is 1 - 0.648 = 0.352. We need the probability that exactly 4 out of 6 values are greater than 25. This follows a binomial distribution: