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Feb/Mar 2017 p62 q6
2916
Pack A consists of ten cards numbered 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 3, 3, 3. Pack B consists of six cards numbered 0, 0, 2, 2, 2, 2. One card is chosen at random from each pack. The random variable X is defined as the sum of the two numbers on the cards.
Show that \(P(X = 2) = \frac{2}{15}\).
Draw up the probability distribution table for \(X\).
Given that \(X = 3\), find the probability that the card chosen from pack A is a 1.
Solution
(i) To find \(P(X = 2)\), we need the combinations where the sum of the numbers from pack A and pack B equals 2. The possible combinations are:
Card from A is 0 and card from B is 2: Probability = \(\frac{2}{10} \times \frac{4}{6} = \frac{8}{60} = \frac{2}{15}\)
Thus, \(P(X = 2) = \frac{2}{15}\).
(ii) The probability distribution table for \(X\) is constructed by considering all possible sums:
x
0
1
2
3
5
P(X=x)
\(\frac{2}{30}\)
\(\frac{5}{30}\)
\(\frac{4}{30}\)
\(\frac{13}{30}\)
\(\frac{6}{30}\)
(iii) Given \(X = 3\), we find the probability that the card from pack A is 1. The combinations for \(X = 3\) are:
Card from A is 1 and card from B is 2: Probability = \(\frac{5}{10} \times \frac{4}{6} = \frac{20}{60} = \frac{1}{3}\)
Card from A is 3 and card from B is 0: Probability = \(\frac{4}{10} \times \frac{2}{6} = \frac{8}{60} = \frac{2}{15}\)
Total probability for \(X = 3\) is \(\frac{13}{30}\). The probability that the card from A is 1 given \(X = 3\) is: