Feb/Mar 2022 p52 q5
2885
A group of 12 people consists of 3 boys, 4 girls, and 5 adults.
(a) In how many ways can a team of 5 people be chosen from the group if exactly one adult is included?
(b) In how many ways can a team of 5 people be chosen from the group if the team includes at least 2 boys and at least 1 girl?
Solution
(a) To choose a team of 5 people with exactly one adult, select 1 adult from 5 and 4 others from the remaining 7 (3 boys and 4 girls):
\(\binom{5}{1} \times \binom{7}{4} = 5 \times 35 = 175\)
(b) Consider the cases where the team includes at least 2 boys and at least 1 girl:
- 2 boys, 1 girl, 2 adults: \(\binom{3}{2} \times \binom{4}{1} \times \binom{5}{2} = 3 \times 4 \times 10 = 120\)
- 2 boys, 2 girls, 1 adult: \(\binom{3}{2} \times \binom{4}{2} \times \binom{5}{1} = 3 \times 6 \times 5 = 90\)
- 2 boys, 3 girls: \(\binom{3}{2} \times \binom{4}{3} = 3 \times 4 = 12\)
- 3 boys, 1 girl, 1 adult: \(\binom{3}{3} \times \binom{4}{1} \times \binom{5}{1} = 1 \times 4 \times 5 = 20\)
- 3 boys, 2 girls: \(\binom{3}{3} \times \binom{4}{2} = 1 \times 6 = 6\)
Summing these cases gives the total number of ways:
\(120 + 90 + 12 + 20 + 6 = 248\)
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