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June 2004 p6 q5
2880
(a) The menu for a meal in a restaurant is as follows.
Starter Course Melon or Soup or Smoked Salmon
Main Course Chicken or Steak or Lamb Cutlets or Vegetable Curry or Fish
Dessert Course Cheesecake or Ice Cream or Apple Pie
All the main courses are served with salad and either new potatoes or french fries.
How many different three-course meals are there?
How many different choices are there if customers may choose only two of the three courses?
(b) In how many ways can a group of 14 people eating at the restaurant be divided between three tables seating 5, 5 and 4?
Solution
(a) (i) To find the number of different three-course meals, multiply the number of choices for each course. There are 3 choices for the starter, 5 choices for the main course, and 3 choices for the dessert. Thus, the total number of three-course meals is:
\(3 \times 5 \times 3 = 45\)
(a) (ii) If customers choose only two of the three courses, consider the combinations:
Starter and Main: \(3 \times 5 = 15\)
Starter and Dessert: \(3 \times 3 = 9\)
Main and Dessert: \(5 \times 3 = 15\)
Summing these gives:
\(15 + 9 + 15 = 39\)
(b) To divide 14 people into groups of 5, 5, and 4, use combinations: