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June 2007 p6 q4
2379
The lengths of time in minutes to swim a certain distance by the members of a class of twelve 9-year-olds and by the members of a class of eight 16-year-olds are shown below.
(i) Draw a back-to-back stem-and-leaf diagram to represent the information above.
(ii) A new pupil joined the 16-year-old class and swam the distance. The mean time for the class of nine pupils was now 13.6 minutes. Find the new pupil’s time to swim the distance.
Solution
(i) The back-to-back stem-and-leaf diagram is constructed as follows:
16 yr olds
Stem
9 yr olds
74
11
98
12
70
13
027
8
14
24
15
019
5
16
0147
Key: \( 7 \mid 3 \mid 2 \) means \( 13.7 \) minutes (16 yr olds) and \( 13.2 \) minutes (9 yr olds).
(ii) The sum of the times for the original 8 pupils is 106.8 minutes.
The total time for 9 pupils is given by the mean:
\(13.6 \times 9 = 122.4 \text{ minutes}\)
The new pupil's time is the difference between the total time for 9 pupils and the sum for 8 pupils: