June 2012 p32 q5
2353
The variables x and y satisfy the differential equation
\(\frac{dy}{dx} = e^{2x+y}\),
and \(y = 0\) when \(x = 0\). Solve the differential equation, obtaining an expression for y in terms of x.
Solution
First, separate the variables:
\(\frac{dy}{dx} = e^{2x+y} \Rightarrow e^{-y} dy = e^{2x} dx\).
Integrate both sides:
\(\int e^{-y} \, dy = \int e^{2x} \, dx\).
This gives:
\(-e^{-y} = \frac{1}{2} e^{2x} + C\).
Use the initial condition \(y = 0\) when \(x = 0\):
\(-e^{0} = \frac{1}{2} e^{0} + C \Rightarrow -1 = \frac{1}{2} + C \Rightarrow C = -\frac{3}{2}\).
Substitute back:
\(-e^{-y} = \frac{1}{2} e^{2x} - \frac{3}{2}\).
Rearrange to solve for \(y\):
\(e^{-y} = \frac{3}{2} - \frac{1}{2} e^{2x}\).
\(-y = \ln\left(\frac{2}{3 - e^{2x}}\right)\).
Thus, \(y = \ln\left(\frac{2}{3 - e^{2x}}\right)\).
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