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June 2011 p31 q10
2281
The number of birds of a certain species in a forested region is recorded over several years. At time \(t\) years, the number of birds is \(N\), where \(N\) is treated as a continuous variable. The variation in the number of birds is modelled by
\(\frac{dN}{dt} = \frac{N(1800 - N)}{3600}.\)
It is given that \(N = 300\) when \(t = 0\).
(i) Find an expression for \(N\) in terms of \(t\).
(ii) According to the model, how many birds will there be after a long time?
Solution
(i) To solve the differential equation \(\frac{dN}{dt} = \frac{N(1800 - N)}{3600}\), we first separate variables: