The sequence of values given by the iterative formula
\(x_{n+1} = \frac{x_n(x_n^3 + 100)}{2(x_n^3 + 25)}\),
with initial value \(x_1 = 3.5\), converges to \(\alpha\).
- Use this formula to calculate \(\alpha\) correct to 4 decimal places, showing the result of each iteration to 6 decimal places.
- State an equation satisfied by \(\alpha\) and hence find the exact value of \(\alpha\).
Solution
(i) Start with \(x_1 = 3.5\).
Calculate \(x_2 = \frac{3.5(3.5^3 + 100)}{2(3.5^3 + 25)} = 3.683943\).
Calculate \(x_3 = \frac{3.683943(3.683943^3 + 100)}{2(3.683943^3 + 25)} = 3.684002\).
Calculate \(x_4 = \frac{3.684002(3.684002^3 + 100)}{2(3.684002^3 + 25)} = 3.684000\).
Calculate \(x_5 = \frac{3.684000(3.684000^3 + 100)}{2(3.684000^3 + 25)} = 3.684000\).
The sequence converges to \(\alpha = 3.6840\) correct to 4 decimal places.
(ii) The equation satisfied by \(\alpha\) is \(x = \frac{x(x^3 + 100)}{2(x^3 + 25)}\).
Solving for \(x\), we find \(\alpha = 3\sqrt{50}\).
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