June 2013 p33 q9
1785
The diagram shows the curve \(y = \\sin^2 2x \\cos x\) for \(0 \leq x \leq \frac{1}{2} \pi\), and its maximum point \(M\).
(i) Find the \(x\)-coordinate of \(M\).
(ii) Using the substitution \(u = \\sin x\), find by integration the area of the shaded region bounded by the curve and the \(x\)-axis.
Solution
(i) To find the \(x\)-coordinate of \(M\), we first differentiate \(y = \\sin^2 2x \\cos x\) using the product rule:
\(\frac{dy}{dx} = 4 \\sin 2x \\cos 2x \\cos x - \\sin^2 2x \\sin x\).
Set the derivative to zero and use a double angle formula to simplify:
\(10 \\cos^3 x = 6 \\cos x\).
Solve for \(x\) to obtain \(x = 0.685\).
(ii) Using the substitution \(u = \\sin x\), express the integral in terms of \(u\) and \(du\):
\(du = \\pm \\cos x \, dx\).
The integral becomes \(\int 4u^2 (1-u^2) \, du\).
Use limits \(u = 0\) and \(u = 1\) to evaluate the integral:
\(\frac{8}{15}\) (or 0.533).
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