(i) Prove the identity \(\cos 4\theta + 4 \cos 2\theta \equiv 8 \cos^4 \theta - 3\).
(ii) Hence
(a) solve the equation \(\cos 4\theta + 4 \cos 2\theta = 1\) for \(-\frac{1}{2}\pi \leq \theta \leq \frac{1}{2}\pi\),
(b) find the exact value of \(\int_0^{\frac{1}{4}\pi} \cos^4 \theta \, d\theta\).
Solution
(i) Express \(\cos 4\theta\) as \(2 \cos^2 2\theta - 1\) or \(\cos^2 2\theta - \sin^2 2\theta\) or \(1 - 2 \sin^2 2\theta\).
Express \(\cos 4\theta\) in terms of \(\cos \theta\).
Obtain \(8 \cos^4 \theta - 8 \cos^2 \theta + 1\).
Use \(\cos 2\theta = 2 \cos^2 \theta - 1\) to obtain given answer \(8 \cos^4 \theta - 3\).
(ii) (a) State or imply \(\cos^4 \theta = \frac{1}{2}\).
Obtain \(0.572\).
Obtain \(-0.572\).
(b) Integrate and obtain form \(k_1 \theta + k_2 \sin 4\theta + k_3 \sin 2\theta\).
Obtain \(\frac{3}{8} \theta + \frac{1}{32} \sin 4\theta + \frac{1}{4} \sin 2\theta\).
Obtain \(\frac{3}{32}\pi + \frac{1}{4}\) following completely correct work.
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