(i) Differentiate \(x\) and \(y\) with respect to \(\theta\):
\(\frac{dx}{d\theta} = 2 \cos \theta + 2 \cos 2\theta\)
\(\frac{dy}{d\theta} = -2 \sin \theta - 2 \sin 2\theta\)
Use the chain rule to find \(\frac{dy}{dx}\):
\(\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{\frac{dy}{d\theta}}{\frac{dx}{d\theta}} = \frac{-2 \sin \theta - 2 \sin 2\theta}{2 \cos \theta + 2 \cos 2\theta}\)
(ii) To find where the tangent is parallel to the \(y\)-axis, set \(\frac{dx}{d\theta} = 0\):
\(2 \cos \theta + 2 \cos 2\theta = 0\)
\(\cos \theta + \cos 2\theta = 0\)
Using the double angle formula, \(\cos 2\theta = 2\cos^2 \theta - 1\), we get:
\(\cos \theta + 2\cos^2 \theta - 1 = 0\)
\(2\cos^2 \theta + \cos \theta - 1 = 0\)
Solving this quadratic equation for \(\cos \theta\), we find:
\(\cos \theta = \frac{1}{2}\)
Substitute back to find \(x\) and \(y\):
\(x = 2 \sin \theta + \sin 2\theta = \frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
\(y = 2 \cos \theta + \cos 2\theta = \frac{1}{2}\)