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Nov 2017 p31 q2
1580
Two variable quantities x and y are believed to satisfy an equation of the form \(y = C(a^x)\), where \(C\) and \(a\) are constants. An experiment produced four pairs of values of x and y. The table below gives the corresponding values of x and \(\\ln y\).
By plotting \(\\ln y\) against x for these four pairs of values and drawing a suitable straight line, estimate the values of \(C\) and \(a\). Give your answers correct to 2 significant figures.
Solution
To solve for \(C\) and \(a\), we start by considering the equation \(y = C(a^x)\). Taking the natural logarithm of both sides gives:
\(\ln y = \ln C + x \ln a\)
This equation is in the form of a straight line \(y = mx + c\), where \(\ln y\) is plotted against \(x\), \(\ln C\) is the y-intercept, and \(\ln a\) is the slope.
Plot the given points \((x, \ln y)\):
(0.9, 1.7)
(1.6, 1.9)
(2.4, 2.3)
(3.2, 2.6)
Draw a straight line through these points. From the line, determine the slope \(\ln a\) and the y-intercept \(\ln C\).