(i) Start with the equation:
\(\sqrt{2} \csc x + \cot x = \sqrt{3}\)
Express \(\csc x\) and \(\cot x\) in terms of sine and cosine:
\(\sqrt{2} \left( \frac{1}{\sin x} \right) + \frac{\cos x}{\sin x} = \sqrt{3}\)
Combine into a single fraction:
\(\frac{\sqrt{2} + \cos x}{\sin x} = \sqrt{3}\)
Multiply through by \(\sin x\):
\(\sqrt{2} + \cos x = \sqrt{3} \sin x\)
Rearrange to:
\(\sqrt{3} \sin x - \cos x = \sqrt{2}\)
Use the identity:
\(a \sin \theta - b \cos \theta \equiv R \sin(\theta - \alpha)\)
where \(R = \sqrt{a^2 + b^2}\) and \(\tan \alpha = \frac{b}{a}\).
Here, \(a = \sqrt{3}\) and \(b = 1\).
Calculate \(R\):
\(R = \sqrt{(\sqrt{3})^2 + 1^2} = \sqrt{3 + 1} = 2\)
Calculate \(\alpha\):
\(\tan \alpha = \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\alpha = 30^\circ\)
Thus, \(\sqrt{3} \sin x - \cos x = 2 \sin(x - 30^\circ)\).
(ii) Solve \(2 \sin(x - 30^\circ) = \sqrt{2}\):
\(\sin(x - 30^\circ) = \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
\(x - 30^\circ = 45^\circ\) or \(x - 30^\circ = 135^\circ\)
\(x = 75^\circ\) or \(x = 165^\circ\)