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Nov 2023 p31 q3
1570
The variables x and y are related by the equation \(y = ab^x\), where \(a\) and \(b\) are constants. The diagram shows the result of plotting \(\ln y\) against \(x\) for two pairs of values of \(x\) and \(y\). The coordinates of these points are (1, 3.7) and (2.2, 6.46).
Use this information to find the values of \(a\) and \(b\).
Solution
Given \(y = ab^x\), taking natural logarithms gives \(\ln y = \ln a + x \ln b\).
For the point (1, 3.7):
\(3.7 = \ln a + 1 \cdot \ln b\)
For the point (2.2, 6.46):
\(6.46 = \ln a + 2.2 \cdot \ln b\)
We have two equations:
1. \(3.7 = \ln a + \ln b\)
2. \(6.46 = \ln a + 2.2 \ln b\)
Subtract equation 1 from equation 2:
\(6.46 - 3.7 = (\ln a + 2.2 \ln b) - (\ln a + \ln b)\)