June 2015 p32 q2
1504
Using the substitution \(u = 4^x\), solve the equation \(4^x + 4^2 = 4^{x+2}\), giving your answer correct to 3 significant figures.
Solution
Start with the substitution \(u = 4^x\). The equation becomes:
\(u + 16 = 16u\)
Rearrange to solve for \(u\):
\(16u - u = 16\)
\(15u = 16\)
\(u = \frac{16}{15}\)
Since \(u = 4^x\), we have:
\(4^x = \frac{16}{15}\)
Take the logarithm of both sides:
\(x \log(4) = \log\left(\frac{16}{15}\right)\)
\(x = \frac{\log\left(\frac{16}{15}\right)}{\log(4)}\)
Calculate \(x\) to 3 significant figures:
\(x \approx 0.0466\)
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