(a) Alternate angles between parallel lines are equal, so \(x=47^\circ\). (b) The fourth interior angle is \(360^\circ-115^\circ-85^\circ-97^\circ=63^\circ\). Thus \(y=180^\circ-63^\circ=117^\circ\). (c) The non-reflex central angle is \(2(58^\circ)=116^\circ\). Hence the reflex angle is \(z=360^\circ-116^\circ=244^\circ\).