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June 2014 p13 q6
1387
A curve is such that \(\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{12}{\sqrt{4x + a}}\), where \(a\) is a constant. The point \(P(2, 14)\) lies on the curve and the normal to the curve at \(P\) is \(3y + x = 5\).
(i) Show that \(a = 8\).
(ii) Find the equation of the curve.
Solution
(i) The slope of the normal is \(-\frac{1}{3}\), so the slope of the tangent is \(3\) (since \(m_1 m_2 = -1\)).
Set \(\frac{dy}{dx} = 3 = \frac{12}{\sqrt{4 \times 2 + a}}\).
\(3 = \frac{12}{\sqrt{8 + a}}\)
\(\sqrt{8 + a} = 4\)
\(8 + a = 16\)
\(a = 8\)
(ii) Integrate \(\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{12}{\sqrt{4x + 8}}\) to find \(y\).
\(y = \int 12(4x + 8)^{-\frac{1}{2}} \, dx\)
\(y = 12 \times 2 \sqrt{4x + 8} + c\)
\(y = 24 \sqrt{4x + 8} + c\)
Using point \(P(2, 14)\):
\(14 = 24 \sqrt{16} + c\)
\(14 = 24 \times 4 + c\)
\(14 = 96 + c\)
\(c = -82\)
Thus, the equation of the curve is \(y = 24 \sqrt{4x + 8} - 82\).