The diagram shows the curve \(y = -x^2 + 12x - 20\) and the line \(y = 2x + 1\). Find, showing all necessary working, the area of the shaded region.
Solution
First, find the points of intersection by setting the equations equal: \(2x + 1 = -x^2 + 12x - 20\).
Rearrange to get: \(x^2 - 10x + 21 = 0\).
Factorize to find \((x - 3)(x - 7) = 0\), so \(x = 3\) and \(x = 7\).
Calculate the area under the line \(y = 2x + 1\) from \(x = 3\) to \(x = 7\):
Area of trapezium = \(\frac{1}{2} \times 4 \times (7 + 15) = 44\).
Calculate the area under the curve \(y = -x^2 + 12x - 20\) from \(x = 3\) to \(x = 7\):
Integrate to find \(\int_{3}^{7} (-x^2 + 12x - 20) \, dx = \left[ -\frac{x^3}{3} + 6x^2 - 20x \right]_{3}^{7}\).
Evaluate the integral: \(\left[ -\frac{343}{3} + 294 - 140 \right] - \left[ -\frac{27}{3} + 54 - 60 \right] = 54\frac{2}{3}\).
The shaded area is the difference: \(44 - 54\frac{2}{3} = 10\frac{2}{3}\).
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