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June 2017 p13 q10
1109
Fig. 2 shows a cross-section of a bowl containing water. When the height of the water level is \(h\) cm, the volume, \(V\) cm\(^3\), of water is given by \(V = \pi \left( \frac{1}{2}h^2 + h \right)\). Water is poured into the bowl at a constant rate of 2 cm\(^3\) s\(^{-1}\). Find the rate, in cm s\(^{-1}\), at which the height of the water level is increasing when the height of the water level is 3 cm.
Solution
Given the volume of water \(V = \pi \left( \frac{1}{2}h^2 + h \right)\), differentiate with respect to \(h\) to find \(\frac{dV}{dh}\).
\(\frac{dV}{dh} = \pi (h + 1)\).
We know \(\frac{dV}{dt} = 2\) cm\(^3\) s\(^{-1}\). We need to find \(\frac{dh}{dt}\) when \(h = 3\) cm.
Using the chain rule: \(\frac{dV}{dt} = \frac{dV}{dh} \cdot \frac{dh}{dt}\).